NEIHPID

Cotylophoron cotylophorum (Stiles et Goldberger Stiles et Goldberger) Fischoeder 1900 Back

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Taxonomy

Platyhelminthes »
       TREMATODA »
              Digenea »
                     Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 »
                            Paramphistominae Fiscoeder, 1901 »
                                   Cotylophoron Stiles et Goldberger, 1910 »
                                           Cotylophoron cotylophorum (Fischoeder 1900), Stiles et Goldberger 1910

Synonyms

(Paramphistomum cotylophorum Fischoeder, 1901; Cotylophoron guangdongense Wang, 1979)

Host

Bos (indicus), Bubalus (bubalis)

Habitat

Rumen

Locality

Guwahati (Assam), Shillong (Meghalaya), Dharmanagar (Tripura)

Description

Body elongated, 5.24-7.91 mm in length, 2.62-4.06 mm in maximum width, ratio of body width to body length 1:1.82-.1:2.18. Acetabulum 1.53-1.89 mm in external diameter; ratio to body length 1:3.16-1:4.49; of cotylophoron type (sensu Näsmark, 1937) in median sagittal section; units of dorsal and ventral circular muscles on lateral sides as follows : d.e.c.m. 14-20, d.i.c.m. 38-42, v.e.c.m. 12-16, v.i.c.m. 38-44. Pharynx 0.58-0.76 mm in length, 0.54-0.67 mm in breadth; ratio to body length 1:7.27-1:10.30, to diameter of acetabulum 1:2.18-1:2.64; of calicophoron type (sensu Dinnik, 1964) in median sagittal section. Oesophagus 0.34-0.54 mm in length, ratio to body length 1:12.56-1:17.57, musculature of its wall forming strong posterior bulb. Caeca in lateral fields forming dorso-ventral bends, reaching level of acetabulum. Testes lobed, tandem, anterior testis 0.58-0.99 in length, 0.72-1.62 mm in width; posterior testis 0.76-1.03 mm in length, 0.72-1.80 mm in width. Seminal vesicle coiled; pars musculosa well developed, pars prostatica weakly developed. Ovary 0.31-0.45 mm by 0.40-0.49 mm, posterior to testes, close to Mehlis' gland. Laurer's canal crossing excretory vesicle or its ducts, opening dorsally posterior to excretory pore. Vitellaria in lateral fields, from level of pharynx to acetabulum. Eggs 0.108-0.140 mm by 0.054-0.067 mm. Terminal genitalium of cotylophoron type (sensu Näsmark, 1937) in median sagittal section, opening ventrally at level posterior to oesophageal bifurcation.

Remarks

Several of the species originally described from Indian ruminants under the genus Cotylophoron, viz., C. indicum Stiles et Goldberger, 1910; C. madrasense Gupta, 1958; and C. chauhani Gupta et Gupta, 1972 are regarded as synonymous with Paramphistomum epiclitum. The species status of C. ottoi Gupta et Bakhshi in Gupta and Nakhasi, (1977), described from cows and buffaloes in India, remains uncertain (Eduardo, 1985a) as its description lacks diagnostic details. Further, of the three species described by Harshey (1934) C. ovatum was removed from the genus, in not having Laurer's canal crossing the excretory vesicle or its duct, to Ceylonocotyle (now a synonym of Orthocoelium) by Mukherjee and Chauhan (1965), while the other two, i.e., C. orientalis and C. elongatum, were regarded as synonyms of C. indicum Stiles et Goldberger, 1910 (now Pramphistomum epiclitum) by these authors. While agreeing to the synonymy of C. ovatum with Orthocoelium scoliocoelium, Eduardo (1985b) regarded the other two species as species inquirenda.
C. cotylophorum has a wide distribution in cattle, sheep and goats of India. The species has earlier been described from Uttar Pradesh (Mudalier, 1945), Jammu & Kashmir (Bali, 1976), Calicut (Gupta and Nakhasi, 1977) and Andhra Pradesh (Hafeez and Rao, 1980).

Helminthological collections record

NEHU/Z - TM/9

Specimen Type

Holotype: W7793/1 in Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata.

References

Gupta, N. K. and Nakhasi, U. (1977). On some amphistomid parasites from India (Parts I & II). Revista Iberica de Parasitologia. 37:pp  205-225, 252-272.

Eduardo ,S .L. (1985a). The taxonomy of the family  Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring ruminants. V. Revision of the genus Cotylophoron (Stiles& Goldberger, 1910). Systematic Parasitology.7: 3-26.

Harshey, K. R. (1934) On amphistome parasites of sheep and goats from Allahabad. Proceedings of the Academy of Sciences, United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, India. 4:pp 95-106

Mukherjee, R. P. and Chauhan, B. S. (1965) Studies on the trematode fauna of India. Part V. Sub-class Digenea: Paramphistomidae Fischoeder (1901). Journal of the Zoological Society of India. 17:pp 151-225.

Eduardo ,S .L. (1985b). The taxonomy of the family  Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring ruminants. VI. Revision of the genus Orthocoelium (Stiles& Goldberger, 1910) Price &McIntosh, 1953. Systematic Parasitology.7:pp 125-158.

Mudalier, S. V. (1945). Fatal enteritis in goats due to immature amphistomes probably Cotylophoron cotylophorum. Indian Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry. 15:pp 54-56.

Bali, H. S. (1976). A survey of helminth parasites of sheep (Ovis aries) in Jammu and Kashmir. Journal of Animal Health and Production. 6:pp 25-32.

Gupta, N. K. and Nakhasi, U. (1977). On some amphistomid parasites from India (Parts I & II). Revista Iberica de Parasitologia. 37:pp  205-225, 252-272.

Hafeez, Md. and Rao, B. V. (1980) Check-list of Amphistomes from cattle and buffaloes in Andhra Pradesh. The Veterinarian. 4:pp 5.