NEIHPID

Pseudocruzia orientalis (Wolfgang Wolfgang) Maplestone 1930 Back

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Taxonomy

Nematoda »
        SECERNENTEA »
              Kathalanidae (Lane, 1914) Travassos, 1918 »
                     Cruziinae (Travassos, 1917) Ortlepp, 1924 »
                            Pseudocruzia Wolfgang, 1953 »
                                    Pseudocruzia orientalis (Maplestone 1930), Wolfgang 1953

Synonyms

(Cruzia orientalis Maplestone 1930b)

Host

Sus (scrofa domestica)

Habitat

Caecum

Locality

Shillong (Meghalaya), Nongstoin (Meghalaya)

Description

Medium-sized worms, body thicker in middle, tapering towards either ends. Cephalic extremity separated from rest of body by marked constriction. Head with three sub-triangular lips separated from one another by subsidiary lobes; lips possessing widely inflated cuticle, double papilliform processes on inner surface at mouth opening, dorsal lip at very prominent lateral angles, ventro-lateral lip marked off from body by deep groove. Pharynx three sided, with narrow lumen, strongly chitinized, armed with three rows of about twenty two denticles projecting at right angles into lumen; teeth of same size.

Oesophagus with large spherical bulb and small pre-bulbar swelling; bulb not constricted off from corpus. Intestine with anteriorly directed diverticulum.

Male

 Body 15 mm in length, 0.72 mm in width. Tail conical, caudal alae very small. Ventral surface of pre-anal region rugose. Caudal muscles well developed, form oblique bundles, not aggregated into sucker-like organ. Ten pairs of sessile caudal papillae present-four pairs post-anal, three pairs adanal, three pairs situated in pre-anal region. Spicules equal, alate. Large sub-triangular gubernaculum present.

Female

Body 16.2-18 mm in length, 0.72- 0.84 mm in maximum width. Tail tapering gradually to point. Vulva not very prominent, situated slightly in front of middle of body. Uteri opposed. Eggs relatively large, 0.10-0.11 x 0.05-0.06 mm, with thick rugose shell. 

Remarks

Originally described as Cruzia orientalis by Maplestone,(1930) from pigs in Calcutta, this species was accommodated in Family Kathlaniidae Travassos, 1918 by Baylis (1936a). Later on, it was placed in a new genus Pseudocruzia erected by Wolfgang (1953) and classified under family CruziidaeYorke et Maplestone,1926 by Yamaguti,(1961). Wolfgang justified the erection of a new genus on the basis of the peculiar cephalic structures and the oesophageal bulb constriction and also suggested that further investigation may establish a reptilian host for Pseudocruzia and show that it is a pseudoparasite for pigs. Chabaud (1978) assigned the genus to the sub-family Cruziinae under family Kathlaniidae.

Following Maplestone's record of 1930, there has been hitherto no report of the occurrence of P. orientalis in suids elsewhere in India or abroad.

Helminthological collections record

NEHU/Z - NM/4

References

Maplestone, P.A. (1930). Nematode parasites of pigs in Bengal. Records of Indian Museum, Calcutta. 32:pp 77-105.

Baylis, H.A. (1936a) The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Nematoda Vol. I (Ascaroidea and Strongyloidea). Originally published by Taylor and Francis, London (reprinted edition : Today

Wolfgang, R .W. (1953). Pseudocruzia (Oxyuroidea : Kathlaniidae), a new genus of nematode from domestic swine in India.  Canadian Journal of Zoology. 3:pp 16-19.

Yamaguti, S. (1961). Systema Helminthum. Vol.3 (I & II). Originally published by Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York and London (reprinted  edition. International Books & Periodicals Supply Service, New Delhi). pp  679 & 1261.

Chabaud, A.G. (1978) Keys to genera of the super families Cosmocercoidea, Seuratoidea, Heteraloidea and Subuloroidea. In: CIH Keys to the Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates. No.6 (Eds. Anderson, R.C., Chabaud, A.G. and Willmott, S.). Commonwealth Bureaux, Farnham Royal. pp71